Perception of risk of sexually transmitted infections in Latin American immigrants

Abstract

Introduction: Migration influences public health, increasing the vulnerability of migrant populations due to access barriers and socioeconomic conditions. In Chile, immigrant women face challenges in medical care, affecting their overall well-being. Objective: To analyze the perception of sexually transmitted infections risk among Latin American immigrant women in Santiago, Chile. Methodology: An observational, quantitative, and cross-sectional study was conducted with Latin American immigrant women residing in Santiago, Chile. A non-probabilistic snowball sampling method was used. Data were collected through a structured questionnaire validated by experts. Result: A total of 323 women were studied (average age: 33,7 years). Of them, 61,9% were single, 27,9% married, 8,7% divorced, and 1,5% widowed. Additionally, 51,2% had a stable partner. A high perception of risk in unprotected relationships was observed, but access to healthcare services was moderate. Previous experiences influenced their perception. Discussion: There is a high awareness of self-care in sexual health, but a gap between knowledge and action in prevention persists. Although participants identify risk behaviors, a perception of invulnerability remains when making decisions about condom use. Barriers to healthcare access and stigma are identified as limiting factors for prevention. Conclusion: The study highlights gaps between knowledge and action in sexual health. Gender inequalities and structural barriers persist, worsened by stigma. Comprehensive interventions are needed to improve decision-making and healthcare access.