Abstract
This article examines the constitutional rules governing nationality and their interpretation in accordance with doctrines of international law, using a historical case study. The analysis is illustrated with two contradictory judgments on the legal nature, nationality, and its regulation in the Constitution of 1833. Both rulings decide on children of foreigners and military service. The intensity with which our legal system accepts the law of nations is fundamental in both judgments. A case related to children of Peruvians born in territory occupied by the Chilean army after the Pacific War is also analyzed. Aspects of contemporary international law on nationality and comparative elements are mentioned.
References
ANNONI, Alessandra; FORLATI, Serena (eds.), The changing role of nationality in international law, Routledge, 2013.
BOLL, Alfred Michael, Multiple nationality and international law, Martinus Nijhoff Publishers, 2007.
BULNES, Gonzalo, Guerra del Pacífico (tres volúmenes), Sociedad imprenta y litografía Universo, 1919.
CÉSPEDES, Rodrigo, “Nacionalidad, derecho internacional y cargas públicas: Un caso durante la vigencia de la Constitución de 1833”, Derecho Público Iberoamericano no. 24 (2024), pp 191-197.
CÉSPEDES, Rodrigo, “Sucesión de Estados y la Guerra del Pacífico”, Derecho Público Iberoamericano no 21 (2022), pp 121-139.
CÉSPEDES, Rodrigo, “Unión case: Italian cónsul (representing Benito Baglietto and ors) and Barreiro and others (intervening) v Chile, Legitimate prey declaration”, Oxford Reports on International Law (ORIL)/ International Law in Domestic Courts ILDC 3191 (CL 1884).
CORREA BRAVO, Agustín, Los Extranjeros ante la Ley Chilena, Imprenta Cervantes, Santiago, 1894.
DÖRR, Oliver, “Nationality”, Max Planck Encyclopedia of Public International Law [MPEPIL], Agosto de 2019.
EDWARDS, Alice & van WAAS, Laura, Nationality and Statelessness under International Law, CUP, 2014.
FRIPP, Eric, Nationality and Statelessness in the International Law of Refugee Status, Hart Publishing, 2016.
GANCZER, Mónika, “The right to nationality as a human right”, Hungarian YB Int’l L. & Eur. L.( 2014), pp 15-33.
GÖCKE, Katja, “Stateless Persons”, Max Planck Encyclopedia of Public International Law [MPEPIL], Agosto de 2013.
HUNEEUS, Jorje, La Constitucion ante el Congreso, Tomo I, Imprenta de los Tiempos, Santiago 1879, pp 20-30.
KOHEN, Marcelo G., Max Planck Encyclopedia of Public International Law [MPEPIL], Febrero de 2015.
KORMAN, Sharon, The right of conquest: The acquisition of territory by force in international law and practice, Clarendon Press, 1996.
LEPARD, Brian D., Customary international law: a new theory with practical applications, CUP, 2010.
LEWIS BREDBENNER, Candice, A Nationality of Her Own: Women, Marriage, and the Law of Citizenship, University of California Press, 1998.
MONTEIRO de MATOS, Mariana, “Permanent Court of International Justice and Minority Rights”, Global Encyclopedia of Territorial Rights, Julio 2023.
NOVAK, Gregor, “Aliens”, Max Planck Encyclopedia of Comparative Constitutional Law [MPECCoL], Agosto de 2020.
PAULUS, Andreas, “Treaties of Friendship, Commerce and Navigation”, Max Planck Encyclopedia of Public International Law [MPEPIL], Marzo de 2011.
SPIRO, Peter J., “Multiple Nationality”, Max Planck Encyclopedia of Public International Law [MPEPIL], Abril de 2008.
TREVISANUT, Seline, “Nationality Cases before International Courts and Tribunals”, Max Planck Encyclopedia of Public International Law [MPEPIL], Mayo de 2011.
JURISPRUDENCIA
Corte de Apelaciones de Santiago (Chile), “García con Comandante General de Santiago”, Revista Derecho y Jurisprudencia Vol. 5 (1908), pp 28-29, sentencia de 18 de Julio de 1908.
Corte Internacional de Justicia, Nottebohm case (Liechtenstein v Guatemala) [1955] ICJ 1, ICJ Reports 1955, p 4; [1955] ICJ Rep 4 (6 Abril 1955).
Corte Internacional Permanente de Justicia, Question Concerning the Acquisition of Polish Nationality, Permanent Court of International Justice, Third Session, File F. c. VIII., Docket III.4, Advisory Opinion No. 7, 15 September 1923.
Corte Suprema de Chile, “Contra Copaja y otros”, Revista de Derecho y Jurisprudencia Vol. 15 (1918), pp 191-197; sentencia de 6 octubre 1917.
Corte Suprema de Costa Rica (Sala Constitucional), Sentencia de 11 de noviembre de 1992, No. 03435, Expediente 91-002695-0007-CO.
Corte Suprema de los Estados Unidos, “Estados Unidos contra Wong Kim Ark” (1898) 169 US 649.
Ministro de Corte Suprema (tribunal de presas de primera instancia), caso Unión, sobre declaración de buena presa, Gaceta de los Tribunales, año 44, Núm 2,161 (1885), p 1737-1740

