Inclusive Design for Social Impact in Low-Resource Settings A Case Study of Designing Appropriate All-terrain Wheelchairs

Abstract

Developing appropriate assistive technology to be manufactured and maintained within the local context of a low-resource setting, requires alternative design principles and designerly ways to those used when designing in, or for, more resourced regions of the world. This case study offers an empirical account of the design of SafariSeat, an all-terrain wheelchair that has been designed, tested, manufactured and turned into a sustainable enterprise in East Africa. The wheelchair was developed with intentions to reduce inequality and help alleviate poverty in low-resource communities by improving users' health, wellbeing and participation in society, whilst creating and facilitating local jobs to support communities. Having developed SafariSeat with a human-centred design approach, a local mind-set, and prioritisation of usability and affordability, this case study is used to reflect on the applied design principles, practices and processes whilst providing contextual insights for other designers seeking to work in a similar way. The case  study  covers  the  topics  of  designing  in  a  low-resource  context,  moving  from  prototype  to  production line, user testing and outreach, founders, funding and finding a local team, enhancing product value and increasing  impact.  This paper discusses challenges encountered whilst designing in a low-resource setting, and highlights how local collaboration and partnerships can help lead to the creation of a more sustainable design solution.