Luxatio erecta of the shoulder: an unusual orthopedic emergency

Abstract

Introduction: Inferior glenohumeral dislocation, also known as luxatio erecta of the shoulder, is an exceptionally rare condition, representing only 0,5-1% of shoulder dislocations. Objective: To analyze current recommendations for general practitioners in the initial management of inferior shoulder dislocation and to explore the common challenges they face in implementing these recommendations. Methodology: Literature review following the PRISMA protocol. The PubMed database was used. Articles published from 2017 onwards were considered. The authors independently reviewed and synthesized information from the selected articles. Results: Fifteen studies met the inclusion criteria, and their results were classified into categories representing the main findings, including: trauma mechanism, patient characteristics, clinical presentation, associated injuries, and recommendations for initial management and approach. Conclusion: Luxatio erecta of the shoulder is a rare condition with a high risk of complications that requires thorough evaluation and, in some cases, the use of advanced imaging. Closed reduction is the preferred initial treatment, but surgery may be necessary in complicated cases. Comprehensive evaluation with a high index of suspicion in the emergency department is crucial to avoid underdiagnosis and improve long-term outcomes.