Complicated acute mastoiditis: Case report in pediatric patients

Abstract

Introduction: Acute mastoiditis is the most common complication of otitis media and may progress to more complex conditions, such as Bezold's abscess. Objective: To present the case of a pediatric patient with acute mastoiditis complicated by Bezold's abscess, and to highlight the importance of early diagnosis and comprehensive management. Methodology: Case report of a 10-year-old patient treated at a tertiary care hospital. Clinical presentation, diagnostic approach, treatment, and follow-up are described. Development: The patient presented with right-sided acute mastoiditis complicated by a Bezold's abscess. Treatment included intravenous antibiotic therapy and surgical drainage, resulting in a favorable outcome with no long-term sequelae. Clinical signs such as retroauricular inflammation were identified, and imaging studies—particularly computed tomography—were essential for diagnosis and surgical planning. Discussion: This case emphasizes the importance of early diagnosis, as prompt intervention is crucial to prevent severe complications such as intracranial abscesses or widespread infections. A multidisciplinary approach involving pediatrics, surgery, and otorhinolaryngology enabled comprehensive care and an optimal prognosis. Appropriate treatment and close follow-up are key to avoiding long-term complications.