Dilemma regarding the autonomy, dignity and situation of a patient in medical care

Abstract

Patient autonomy is a central principle in contemporary medical practice, enabling individuals to actively participate in decisions regarding their health, thereby promoting satisfaction, treatment adherence, and a stronger physician-patient relationship. Respecting autonomy acknowledges human dignity and fundamental rights, ensuring that each person can make decisions about their own body and well-being. However, autonomy is not always fully exercised; it can be limited when the patient does not fully understand the information, makes rash decisions, or is under states of pain, panic, or fatigue that distort their judgment. This gives rise to an ethical dilemma when a capable patient refuses a vital treatment, pitting the medical duty to preserve life against respect for self-determination and informed consent. Through a reflective analysis, this article explores the tensions between patient autonomy and professional responsibility, emphasizing the importance of dialogue, clear communication, and an ethical approach to navigating these complex clinical situations.