Análisis comparativo de las medidas de prevención nacionales e internacionales para cirrosis hepática alcohólica
Keywords:
Cirrosis hepática alcohólica, Prevención primaria, Prevención secundaria, Prevención terciariaAbstract
Introducción: La cirrosis hepática alcohólica (CHa) es una enfermedad invalidante que, dado el aumento de consumo de alcohol en Chile, podría aumentar su incidencia en los próximos años, haciendo relevante la búsqueda y mejoría de estrategias para abordar esta patología. Objetivos: Comparar, mediante una revisión bibliográfica, medidas nacionales e internacionales de prevención de CHa primaria, secundaria y terciaria respecto a la cirrosis hepática alcohólica. Metodología: Se utilizaron términos clave MeSH y libres para la búsqueda de artículos en literatura gris e indexada, más criterios de inclusión. Se obtuvieron 402 trabajos de literatura indexada, de los cuales se seleccionaron 41, en adición a 12 de literatura gris. Discusión: Del análisis de textos se desprende que Chile posee medidas de prevención primaria similares a las recomendadas internacionalmente, a diferencia de la prevención secundaria y terciaria, que se aborda de forma incompleta u omite aspectos del manejo de CHa y sus complicaciones. Conclusiones: En Chile existe un déficit frente al mundo en las medidas de prevención secundaria y terciaria de CHa. En consecuencia, se recomienda evaluar la aplicabilidad de tales medidas para incorporarlas al plan de manejo nacional de CHa.
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