Chile's strategies for coping with traumatic brain injury (ECT) according to the different levels of prevention: a bibliographic review

Abstract

Introduction: Traumatic brain injury is a disease that occurs as a result of trauma and physical causes that are completely preventable. Chile, for its part, has implemented various strategies to prevent and mitigate the damage caused by traumatic brain injury in the country. Objective: Review the strategies that Chile has regarding traumatic brain injury in primary, secondary and tertiary prevention. Methodology: Gray literature review of strategies in Chile aimed at each level of prevention. Development: According to levels of prevention: Primary: Legal regulation with laws such as Emilia Law, Zero Tolerance Law, seat belt Law; occupational health and safety standards of the Superintendency of Social Security; and road safety campaigns among others. Secondary and diagnosis: Diagnosis and classification of traumatic brain injury with the Glasgow Scale: mild traumatic brain injury (13-15), moderate (9-12) and severe (less than or equal to 8); management in acute traumatic brain injury in Chile; and Garantías Explícitas en Salud coverage for traumatic brain injury in Chile. Tertiary: Management of complications; continuous monitoring; surgery; and rehabilitation of traumatic brain injury in Chile. Conclusion: Chile, at each level of prevention, has defined strategies to confront this problem. There are strategies in primary prevention with continuous updating, however, strategies in secondary and tertiary prevention have not been updated since 2017, so it is suggested to update the Garantías Explícitas en Salud Guide.