Impact of depression on the nutritional status of elderly people: Nursing care plan in a clinical case

Abstract

Introduction: malnutrition and depression are prevalent conditions among institutionalized older adults, maintaining a close and complex relationship that negatively impacts their quality of life. Despite their high prevalence, these conditions are often addressed separately, limiting the effectiveness of interventions and comprehensive care. Development: This case presents G.A., a 90-year-old female resident of a long-term care facility (ELEAM), with a medical history of Alzheimer`s type dementia, depression, malnutrition (BMI 16.4), osteoarthritis, heart failure, stroke, and bilateral hip fracture. She exhibits severe functional dependence, low appetite, food refusal, social isolation, and progressive cognitive decline. A comprehensive assessment using standardized scale was conducted to evaluate her cognitive, nutritional, functional and emotional status, revealing mild depression and moderate risk of falls and pressure injuries. An interdisciplinary care plan was designed with a focus on improving nutrition, supported by dietitian and psychologist. Discussion: This case highlights the importance of an integrated approach that combines nutritional, emotional, and social interventions to break off the cycle of malnutrition and depression. The absence of support networks and high functional dependence worsen the resident´s health status, underscoring the need for multidisciplinary strategies in long term care facilities. Nursing plays a fundamental role in early detection and care coordination, contributing to the quality of life and well-being of institutionalized older adults.

Key words: Older adult, malnutrition, depression.