Geriatric dermatology in contemporary clinical practice: An analytical review of an emerging and underrepresented field in the scientific literature

Abstract

Introduction: Population aging has steadily increased the proportion of individuals aged 65 and over, generating a significant impact on healthcare systems. In this context, the skin plays a central role in the comprehensive clinical assessment of older adults, as dermatological diseases are highly prevalent and are associated with impaired quality of life, frailty, hospitalizations, and increased morbidity and mortality. Geriatric dermatology thus emerges as an area of growing clinical and academic relevance, yet it remains underrepresented in the literature. Objective: To analyze and synthesize the published scientific evidence on geriatric dermatology, addressing the pathophysiological changes of cutaneous aging, the most prevalent dermatoses in older adults, and the main clinical and therapeutic considerations in this population. Methodology: A narrative literature review was conducted following PRISMA guidelines, using PubMed/MEDLINE. The search employed the MeSH terms “Dermatology” AND “Geriatrics,” including publications from the last five years and studies involving populations aged 65 and over. Development: Evidence shows that more than 70-80% of older adults present with at least one active dermatosis, most commonly xerosis, inflammatory dermatoses, cutaneous infections, chronic venous insufficiency, pressure injuries, and skin neoplasms. The physiological changes associated with aging modify both clinical presentation and therapeutic response, increasing the risk of adverse effects. Conclusion: This review underscores the need to develop specific clinical guidelines, promote the inclusion of older adults in dermatologic research, and advance care models adapted to the rapid growth of this population.