Epidemiological situation of colorectal cancer in Chile between 2002 and 2019

Abstract

Introduction: Colorectal cancer is a neoplastic disease that has been on the rise over the years, ranking third in terms of prevalence and second in terms of mortality worldwide. Several studies link the increase in incidence to new lifestyles. In highly developed countries, the incidence of this cancer has increased, but mortality has decreased due to access to screening and improvements in treatment. Chile, a developing country, raised the question of understanding the national epidemiological situation of this cancer. Objective: To conduct an epidemiological review of colorectal cancer in terms of incidence, prevalence, and mortality between 2002 and 2019 in Chile. Methodology: A retrospective, descriptive, longitudinal observational study was conducted on the incidence, prevalence, and mortality of colorectal cancer in the Chilean population. Results and Discussion: The results showed an increase in the incidence of the disease, which may be due to population growth and ageing, as well as new lifestyles. In terms of prevalence, there is no significant variation between the sexes in the Chilean population. The age-adjusted mortality rate has remained stable over the years. Conclusion: This disease has a high incidence in Chile regardless of gender in people over 50 years of age, with stable mortality despite advances in early detection and timely treatment. Therefore, better public health measures should be implemented for the prevention and diagnosis of this cancer.