Democracia, tolerancia religiosa y libertad de conciencia en Baruch de Spinoza y Pierre Bayle
PDF

Palabras clave

Baruch de Spinoza
Pierre Bayle
tolerancia religiosa
libertad de filosofar
derechos de la conciencia errónea
razón de Estado

Categorías

Cómo citar

Segovia, J. F. (2020). Democracia, tolerancia religiosa y libertad de conciencia en Baruch de Spinoza y Pierre Bayle. Derecho Público Iberoamericano, 17, 97-136. https://revistas.udd.cl/index.php/RDPI/article/view/431

Resumen

Baruch de Spinoza y Pierre Bayle son típicos pensadores modernos que construyeron la tolerancia religiosa sobre la subjetivación gnóstica de la fe, el racionalismo teológico y el absolutismo del Estado. A pesar de que uno defiende la libertad de filosofar y otro, los derechos de la conciencia errónea, en ambos sistemas la ley fundamental es la autoconservación del Estado, la moderna raison d’État.

PDF

Referencias

BAYLE, Pierre, Pensées diverses à l’occasion d’une comète, in Pierre OEuvres diverses, La Haye, Compagnie des Libraires, 1737, t. 3, Première Partie.

BAYLE, Pierre, Commentaire philosophique sur les paroles de Jésus-Christ “Les forcer à entrer”, dans lequel il est prouvé pour diverses raisons démonstratives qu’il n’y a rien de plus abominable que de procéder à des conversions forcées, et dans lequel tous les sophismes de ceux qui se convertissent au la force et les excuses que saint Augustin a faites des persécutions, in Pierre Bayle, OEuvres diverses, La Haye, Compagnie des Libraires, 1737, t. 2, , Madrid, Centro de Estudios Políticos y Constitucionales, 2006.

SANTO TOMÁS DE AQUINO, Quaestiones disputatae de Veritate, en Quaestiones disputatas, Torino et London, Maretti et Burns & Oates, 1900, vol. iv.

SPINOZA, Baruch de, Tractatus theologico-politicus, en OEuvres de Spinoza, Paris, Charpentier, 1861, t. ii, pp. 1-345. Citamos por la versión en castellano: Tratado teológico-político, Buenos Aires, Acervo Cultural Ed., 1977.

SPINOZA, Baruch de, Ethica ordine geometrico demonstrata, 1677. Citamos de la traducción de Atiliano Domínguez, Ética demostrada según el orden geométrico, Madrid, Trotta, 2000.

SPINOZA, Baruch de, Tractatus politicus, 1677. Citamos de la traducción de Atiliano Domínguez, Tratado político, Madrid, Alianza, 1986.

ABEL, Olivier, “The paradox of conscience in Pierre Bayle”, in Reformation & Renaissance Review, vol. 14, issue 1, Cambridge, 2012.

ALVEAR TÉLLEZ, Julio, La libertad moderna de conciencia y de religión. El problema de su fundamento, Madrid, Marcial Pons, 2013.

BAHR, Fernando, “El Commentaire philosophique de Pierre Bayle”, en Tópicos, n.° 9, Santa Fe, 2001.

BEINER, Ronald, Civil religion. A dialogue in the history of political philosophy, Cambridge and New York, Cambridge Univrsity Press, 2011.

BILLECOQ, Alain, “Spinoza et l’idée de tolérance”, in Philosophique, vol. 1, Besançon, 1998.

BROGI, Stefano, “La tolérance et la règle d’or: Bayle face à la conscience de l’athée et du persécuteur”, in Prospettiva EP, año xxxvii, N° 1-2, Macerata, 2014.

DESCHAMPS, Arsène, La genèse de scepticisme érudit chez Bayle, Lieja, Imprimerie H. Vaillant-Carmanne, 1878.

DEVOLVÉ, Jean, Religion, critique et philosophie positive chez Pierre Bayle, Paris, Alcan, 1906.

DUBOIS, Lucien, Bayle et la tolérance, Paris, A. Chevalier-Marescq & Cie., 1902.

EL YADARI, Nawal, “Religious freedom and strength of belief in Bayle: the practical failure of the theory of toleration?”, in Reformation & Renaissance Review, vol. 14, issue 1, Cambridge, 2012.

FORST, Rainer, “Pierre Bayle’s reflexive theory of toleration”, in Melissa S. Williams and Jeremy Waldron (ed.), Toleration and its limits, New York-London, New York University Press 2008.

FORTE, Juan Manuel, “Historia y filosofía en la hermenéutica bíblica de Spinoza”, en Anales del Seminario de Historia de la Filosofía, vol. 25, Madrid, 2008.

FRAENKEL, Carlos, Philosophical religions from Plato to Spinoza. Reason, religion, and autonomy, Cambridge and New York, Cambridge University Press, 2013.

FRANKEL, Steven, “The invention of liberal theology: Spinoza’s theological-political analysis of Moses and Jesus”, in The Review of Politics, vol. 63, issue 2 Notre-Dame, 2001.

GARCÍA-ALONSO, Marta, “Bayle’s political doctrine: a proposal to articulate tolerance and sovereignty”, in History of European Ideas, vol. 43, issue 4, 2016, DOI: 10.1080/01916599.2016.1203593 [fecha de consulta: 21 de marzo de 2017].

GARCÍA-ALONSO, Marta, “Creencia religiosa y conciencia errónea según Pierre Bayle”, en Anuario Filosófico, vol. 48, n.° 2, Pamplona, 2015.

HARRIS, Ian, “Toleration and its place: a study of Pierre Bayle in his Commentaire Philosophique”, in Sarah Hutton and Paul Schurman (eds.), Studies on Locke. Sources, contemporaries, and legacy, Dordrecht, Springer, 2008.

HARRISVILLE, Roy A. and Walter Sundberg, The Bible in modern culture: Baruch Spinoza to Brevard Childs, 2nd ed., Grand Rapids y Cambridge, Wm. B. Eerdmans Publishing Co., 2002.

HALPER, Edward C., “Spinoza on the political value of freedom of religion”, in History of Philosophy Quarterly, vol. 21, issue 2, Illinois, 2004.

HAZARD, Paul, La crisis de la conciencia europea (1680-1715), traducción de Julián Marías, Madrid, Alianza, 1998.

HEROLD, Aaron L., “Spinoza’s liberal republicanism and the challenge of revealed religion”, in Political Research Quarterly, vol. 67, issue 2, Utah, 2014.

HUENEMANN, Charlie, Spinoza’s radical theology. The metaphysics of the infinite, London & New York, Routledge, 2014.

HUNTER, Graeme, Radical Protestantism in Spinoza’s thought, Aldershot, Ashgate, 2005.

ISRAEL, Jonathan I., Radical Enlightenment. Philosophy and the making of modernity, 1650-1750, New York, Oxford University Press, 2001.

ISRAEL, Jonathan I., “Spinoza, Locke and the Enlightenment battle for toleration”, in Ole Peter Grell and Roy Porter (eds.), Toleration in Enlightenment Europe, New York, Cambridge University Press, 2000.

JAMES, Susan, Spinoza on philosophy, religion and politics. The Theologico-political treatise, Oxford, Oxford University Press, 2012.

JENKINSON, Sally, “Two concepts of tolerance: or, why Bayle is not Locke”, in The Journal of Political Philosophy, vol. 4, issue 4, Hoboken, New Jersey, 1996.

JOSSUA, Jean-Pierre, “Pierre Bayle précurseur des théologies modernes de la liberté religieuse”, in Revue des Sciences Religieuses, t. 39, N° 2, Strasbourg, 1965.

LABROUSSE, Elisabeth, Pierre BAYLE, La Haye, Martinus Nijhoff, 1964, t. ii: Hétérodoxie

et rigorisme, Lærke, Mogens, “Jus circa sacra. Elements of theological politics in 17th century rationalism: from Hobbes and Spinoza to Leibniz”, in Distinktion: Scandinavian Journal of Social Theory, vol. 6, issue 1, Aarhus C, Denmark, 2005.

LAURSEN, John Christian, “Baylean liberalism: tolerance requires nontolerance”, in John Christian Laursen and Cary J. Nederman (eds.), Beyond the persecuting society. Religious toleration before the enlightenment, Philadelphia, University of Pennsylvania Press, 1988.

LAURSEN, John Christian, “Blind spots in the toleration literature”, in Critical Review of International Social and Political Philosophy, vol. 14, issue 3, London, 2011.

LAURSEN, John Christian, “Pierre Bayle: el pirronismo contra la razón en el Commentaire philosophique”, en Revista Latinoamericana de Filosofía, vol. xxxvi, n.° 1, Buenos Aires, 2010.

LAURSEN, John Christian, “Skepticism against reason in Pierre Bayle’s theory of toleration”, in Diego E. Machuca (ed.), Pyrrhonism in ancient, modern, and contemporary philosophy, Dordrecht, Springer, 2011.

LENNON, Thomas M., Reading Bayle, Toronto, University of Toronto Press, 1999.

LEVENE, Nancy K., Spinoza’s revelation. Religion, democracy, and reason, Cambridge and New York, Cambridge University Press, 2004.

LUGT, Mara van der, Bayle, Jurieu, and the Dictionnaire Historique et Critique, Oxford & New York, Oxford University Press, 2016.

MACKENNA, Antony, “Pierre Bayle: free thought and freedom of conscience”, in Reformation & Renaissance Review, vol. 14, issue 1, Cambridge, 2012.

MASTNAK, Tomaž, “Spinoza: democracy and Revelation”, in Filozofski vestnik, vol. xxix, issue 2, Liubliana, 2008.

MATEO SECO, Lucas, “Ley y libertad en Lutero. (Análisis de las consecuencias antinomistas de un planteamiento teológico)”, en Persona y Derecho, n.° 7, Pamplona. 1980.

MELAMED, Yitzhak Y. and Michael A. ROSENTHAL (eds.), Spinoza’s “Theologicalpolitical treatise”. A critical guide, Cambridge y New York, Cambridge University Press, 2010.

MESNARD, Pierre, L’essor de la philosophie politique au xvie siècle, 3me ed., Paris, Vrin, 1969.

MIGNINI, Filippo, “La dottrina spinoziana della religione razionale”, in Studia Spinoziana, vol. 11, Würzburg, 1995.

MIGNINI, Filippo, “Spinoza: ¿más allá de la idea de tolerancia?”, en Nombres. Revista de Filosofía, año iv, n.° 4, Córdoba, 1994.

MORI, Gianluca, “Pierre Bayle, the rights of conscience, the ‘remedy’ of toleration”, in Ratio Juris, vol. 10, issue 1, Hoboken, New Jersey, 1997.

MORROW, Jeffrey L., Three skeptics and the Bible. La Peyrère, Hobbes, Spinoza, and the reception of modern biblical criticism, Eugene, Pickwick Publications, 2016.

NADLER, Steven, A book forged in hell. Spinoza’s scandalous Treatise and the birth of the secular age, Princeton and Oxford, Princeton University Press, 2011.

NADLER, Steven, Spinoza, traducción de Carmen García Trevijano, Madrid, Acento, 2004.

POLKA, Brayton, Between philosophy and religion: Spinoza, the Bible, and modernity, vol. I: Hermeneutics and ontology, Lanham and Plymouth, Lexington Books, 2010.

POPKIN, Richard H., The history of scepticism. From Savonarola to Bayle, New York, Oxford University Press, 2003.

POPKIN, Richard H., “Spinoza and Bible scholarship”, in Don Garrett (ed.), The Cambridge companion to Spinoza, Cambridge y New York, Cambridge University Press, 1996.

PREUS, J. Samuel, Spinoza and the irrelevance of biblical authority, Cambridge and New York, Cambridge University Press, 2001.

REMER, Gary, “Humanism, liberalism, & the skeptical case for religious toleration”, in Polity, vol. 25, issue 1, Chicago, 1992.

REX, Walter, Essays on Pierre Bayle and religious controversy, Hague, Martinus Nijhoff, 1965.

RORTY, Richard, “La prioridad de la democracia sobre la filosofía”, en Gianni Vattimo (comp.), La secularización de la filosofía. Hermenéutica y posmodernidad, Barcelona, Gedisa, 1992.

ROSENTHAL, Michael, “Spinoza’s dogmas of the universal faith and the problem of religion”, in Philosophy & Theology, vol. 13, issue 1, Bowling Green, Ohio, 2001.

ROSENTHAL, Michael, “Spinoza on why the sovereign can command men’s tongues but not their minds”, in Melissa S. Williams and Jeremy Waldron (ed.), Toleration and its limits, New York-London, New York University Press 2008.

ROSENTHAL, Michael, “Spinoza’s republican argument for toleration”, The Journal of Political Philosophy, vol. 11, issue 3, Hoboken, New Jersey, 2003.

ROSENTHAL, Michael, “Tolerance as a virtue in Spinoza’s Ethics”, in Journal of the History of Philosophy vol. 39, issue 4, Hoboken, New Jersey, 2001.

ROSENTHAL, Michael, “Toleration and the right to resist in Spinoza’s Theological-Political Treatise: the problem of Christ’s disciples”, in Paul J. Bagley (ed.), Piety, peace, and the freedom to philosophize, Dordrecht, Springer, 1999.

RYAN, Todd, Pierre Bayle’s Cartesian metaphysics. Rediscovering early modern philosophy, New York & London, Routledge, 2009.

SEGOVIA, Juan Fernando, “De la razón de Estado a la razón de los derechos. Tolerancia religiosa, libertad de conciencia y libertad de religión”, en Derecho Público Iberoamericano, n.º 15, Santiago, 2018.

SERRANO, Vicente, “Freedom of thought as radical freedom in Spinoza’s critique of religion”, in Reformation & Renaissance Review, vol. 14, issue 1, Cambridge, 2012.

SIMARD DELISLE, Guillaume, “Vérité et croyance chez Spinoza: les deux voies du salut”, in Josiane Boulad-Ayoub and Alexandra Torero-Ibad (eds.), Matérialismes des modernes. Nature et moeurs, Laval, Presses of l’Université Laval, 2009.

SIMONUTTI, Luisa, “Obsesión con la verdad: paradojas de Pierre Bayle”, en Ma José Villaverde Rico y John Christian Laursen (eds.), Forjadores de la tolerancia, Madrid, Tecnos, 2011.

SIMONUTTI, Luisa, “Scepticism and the theory the toleration: human fallibility and adiaphora”, in Gianni Paganini (ed.), The return of scepticism. From Hobbes and Descartes to Bayle, New York, Springer, 2003.

SIMONUTTI, Luisa, “Spinoza and Boyle: rational religion and natural philosophy”, in Robert Crocker (ed.), Religion, reason and nature in early modern Europe, Dordrecht, Springer, 2001.

SOLÈRE, Jean-Luc, “The coherence of Bayle’s theory of toleration”, in Journal of the History of Philosophy, issue 54, Baltimore, 2016.

SPRIGGE, T. L. S., The God of metaphysics, Oxford, Clarendon Press, 2006.

STEINBERG, Justin, “Spinoza’s curious defense of toleration”, in Yitzhak Y. Melamed and Michael A. Rosenthal (eds.), Spinoza’s “Theological-political treatise”. A critical guide, Cambridge y New York, Cambridge University Press, 2010.

STEINER, George, Presencias reales, traducción Juan Gabriel López Guix, Barcelona, Destino, 1991.

STRAUSS, Leo, “How to study Spinoza’s Theologico-Political Treatise”, in Leo Strauss, Persecution and the art of writing, Chicago and London, The University of Chicago Press, 1980.

STRAUSS, Leo, Spinoza’s critique of religion, traducción de Elsa M. Sinclair, New York, Schocken Books, 1982.

SVENSSON, Manfred, “Fundamental doctrines of the faith, fundamental doctrines of society: seventeenth-century doctrinal minimalism”, in The Journal of Religion, vol. 94, issue 2, Chicago, 2014.

SUTCLIFFE, Adam, “Spinoza, Bayle, and the Enlightenment politics of philosophical certainty”, in History of European Ideas, issue 34, London, 2008.

TINSLEY, Barbara Sher, “Sozzini’s ghost: Pierre Bayle and Socinian toleration”, in Journal of the History of Ideas, vol. 57, issue 4, Pennsylvania, 1996.

TOPOLSKI, Anya, “Tzedakah: the true religion of Spinoza’s Tractatus?”, in History of Political Thought, vol. xxxvii, issue 1, Exeter, 2016.

TROISFONTAINES, Claude, “Liberté de pensée et soumission politique selon Spinoza”, in Revue Philosophique de Louvain, t. 84, N° 62, Louvain, 1986.

VASSÁNYI, Miklós, “The philosophical foundation of religious toleration in Spinoza (TTP), Bayle (Commentaire Philosophique) and Locke (Epistola de Tolerantia)”, in Bijdragen: International Journal for Philosophy and Theology vol. 70, issue 4, Ámsterdam, 2009.

VERKAMP, Bernard J., “The limits upon adiaphoristic freedom: Luther and Melanchthon”, in Theological Studies, vol. 36, issue 1, Oxford, 1975.

VIENNE, Jean-Michel, “La tolérance, de Spinoza à Locke”, in Études Littéraires, vol. 32, issue 1-2, Québec, 2000.

VILLAVERDE, María José, “Spinoza: persecución, ateísmo, alquimia”, en Ma José Villaverde Rico y John Christian Laursen (eds.), Forjadores de la tolerancia, Madrid, Tecnos, 2011.

VILLAVERDE Rico, Ma José y John Christian Laursen (eds.), Forjadores de la tolerancia, Madrid, Tecnos, 2011.

WITTE, Jr., John, Law and protestantism. The legal teachings of the Lutheran reformation, Cambridge, Cambridge University Press, 2004.

YOVEL, Yirmiyahu, Spinoza and others heretics, Princeton and Oxford, Princeton University Press, 1989, vol. i: The Marrano of reason.

Descargas

Los datos de descargas todavía no están disponibles.